Misshapen kidneys serial#
To establish a reference interval for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) determined by measuring serum clearance of a single IV dose of inulin in clinically normal cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) and compare serum symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) concentration in cheetahs with GFR.Ī single bolus of inulin (3,000 mg/m2) was administered IV, and 5 serial blood samples were collected and analyzed for serum inulin concentration with the anthrone technique.
The abdominal blood supply described herein corresponds to a single individual further reviews are desirable to corroborate our observations and to detect potential intraspecific anatomical variations. Finally, the left caudal phrenic vein drained into the left renal vein. Also, a middle pancreaticoduodenal vein was identified as the last branch of the cranial mesenteric vein. The right gastric vein did not form the gastroduodenal vein as in other species, but it drained directly into the portal vein. We also found a cystic artery that derived from the right gastroduodenal artery a right gastric artery that derived from the right hepatic artery and an antimesenteric ileal artery that derived from the lateral cecal artery. Our findings include the following: a celiac artery branching into the hepatic and gastrolienal arteries, and this latter further branched into the left gastric, the left gastroepiploic, the lienal and three more arteries that supplied the greater omentum. These abnormalities most commonly include poorly developed or missing thumbs or underdeveloped forearms and hands.\n\nSome of the features of VACTERL association can be subtle and are not identified until late in childhood or adulthood, making diagnosis of this condition difficult.Detailed descriptions of the abdominal vasculature have not been reported on Puma concolor thus, herein we provided a thorough description. Limb abnormalities are seen in 40 to 50 percent of people with VACTERL association. Affected individuals may be missing one or both kidneys or have abnormally developed or misshapen kidneys, which can affect kidney function.
Kidney (renal) anomalies occur in 50 to 80 percent of individuals with VACTERL association. Tracheo-esophageal fistula can cause problems with breathing and feeding early in life and typically requires surgical correction in infancy. Fifty to 80 percent of people with VACTERL association have a tracheo-esophageal fistula, which is an abnormal connection (fistula) between the esophagus and the windpipe (trachea). Cardiac defects can range in severity from a life-threatening problem to a subtle defect that does not cause health problems. Heart (cardiac) defects occur in 40 to 80 percent of individuals with VACTERL association. Anal atresia may be accompanied by abnormalities of the genitalia and urinary tract (genitourinary anomalies). Sixty to 90 percent of individuals with VACTERL association have narrowing or blockage of the anus (anal atresia). In some people, spinal problems require surgery or cause health problems, such as back pain of varying severity, throughout life. These defects may include misshapen vertebrae, fused vertebrae, and missing or extra vertebrae. Affected individuals may have additional abnormalities that are not among the characteristic features of VACTERL association.\n\nDefects in the bones of the spine (vertebrae) are present in 60 to 80 percent of people with VACTERL association. People diagnosed with VACTERL association typically have at least three of these characteristic features. VACTERL stands for vertebral defects, anal atresia, cardiac defects, tracheo-esophageal fistula, renal anomalies, and limb abnormalities. VACTERL association is a disorder that affects many body systems.
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